Gall Stone Treatment in Hyderabad
What is Gallbladder Disease?
Gallbladder disease refers to infection, inflammation, stones, or obstructions of the gallbladder. In simple terms, it is any issue affecting the gallbladder functioning. The gallbladder is a pear-shaped sac situated just under the liver. Its function is to store bile juice made by the liver and release it to the small intestine via bile ducts to aid in the digestion of fatty food.
Gallbladder disease can either be in the gallbladder itself or the bile ducts connected to it. As the gallbladder is a part of the digestive system, a gallbladder disease can even affect other organs, shares Gallbladder Specialist in Hyderabad at Sree Nandaka Advanced Surgery.
Types of Gallbladder Disease
Some conditions that can affect the gallbladder and are known as gallbladder diseases include:
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Cholelithiasis (gallstones)- It is the most common gallbladder disease that may develop in the gallbladder itself or the bile ducts. The gallstones are formed when bile stored in the gallbladder gets hardened. They can be caused by the presence of high levels of cholesterol, bilirubin (bile pigment), or bile salts.
Gallstones can be present without showing any symptoms. They become a serious problem if they become large or cause blockage of the bile flow in the gallbladder or bile ducts. That’s when the symptoms begin to appear. Some of the common symptoms are intense, steady pain in the upper right part of the abdomen that lasts for long; pain in the backside between the shoulder blades; fever; chills; nausea; vomiting; jaundice; abdominal bloating; belching; indigestion; and fatty foods intolerance.
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Cholecystitis (gallbladder inflammation)- This gallbladder disease indicates an infection or blockage of the gallbladder either a functional obstruction or rarely a cancer. Chronic cholecystitis has complications like scarring of the gallbladder tissue and ultimately gangrene and even tearing.
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Biliary dyskinesia (functional gallbladder disorder)- It is a motility issue, meaning a muscle or nerve issue that leads to problems in passing out of the bile juice from the gallbladder into the bile ducts. This acalculous gallbladder disease can cause the bile to back up in the gallbladder and result in its chronic inflammation.
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Gangrene (abscesses)- It is a serious complication of chronic inflammation of the gallbladder wherein the gallbladder has sustained swelling and distension. Eventually, it causes the death of gallbladder tissues that are further at risk of getting torn or burst.
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Gallbladder cancer- It is a rare but serious gallbladder disease, often appearing in its later stages. In the initial stage, gallbladder polyps (growths or tumours) are harmless.
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Cholangiopathy- It is the disease of the bile ducts, typically their inflammation which can cause an acute infection, obstruction, or a progressive autoimmune disorder called primary biliary cholangitis. The chronic inflammation of the bile ducts can lead to biliary stricture- the scarring and narrowing of the bile ducts. It causes reverse flow of bile into the gallbladder and liver.
Gall bladder is an important body organ and if one is suffering from upper abdominal pain and diagnosed with gallbladder diseases they must consult the best gallbladder doctor in Hyderabad at Sree Nandaka Advanced Surgical Centre.
Diagnosis of Gallbladder Disease
Gallbladder specialist doctor in Hyderabad starts diagnosis by noting the patient’s symptoms and reviewing the patient’s medical history. Any changes in the vital signs such as blood pressure, internal body temperature, and heart rate are also observed. Next, the physician conducts a thorough physical examination to look for the signs of jaundice and abdominal swelling. If the abdominal area is felt in the site where the gallbladder is present, it is a sign of gallbladder inflammation. Upon touching the abdominal area, pain may be felt or not. This helps physicians distinguish between acute swelling caused by gallstones and chronic inflammation associated with gallbladder cancer. To confirm the diagnosis of gallbladder disease and to know the exact problem of the gallbladder, the patients are ordered for routine blood tests and medical imaging tests.
The tests used for diagnosis of gallbladder disease include:
- Complete Blood Count- The high WBC count indicates inflammation or infection of the gallbladder.
- Liver function tests- These are blood tests that help detect blockages in the bile ducts.
- Pancreas function tests- These are blood tests that check for blockages in the pancreatic ducts.
- Abdominal ultrasound- This test provides information on any blockages, inflammation, or growths in the gallbladder or bile ducts.
- HIDA scan- It helps measure the emptying of bile juice from the gallbladder into the small intestine and the bile flow through the bile ducts.
- Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS)- This is a combination diagnostic procedure wherein an endoscope with ultrasound technology at its tip is inserted into the abdomen down through the throat. It provides endosonographic images of the inside of the abdomen to help the patient visualise and check for any abnormalities in the pancreas, bile ducts, gallbladder, and liver.
- Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)- This test combines X-ray technology with endoscopy. Here, fluoroscopic X-rays help visualise the bile ducts for any blockages.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What happens if gallbladder disease is left untreated?
When left untreated, gallbladder disease can progress and affect other organs including bile ducts, liver, or pancreas. Gallstones that have passed into the bile ducts or pancreatic ducts can cause infection, inflammation, and/or blockage. They can lead to scarring and narrowing of the bile ducts or long-term damage of the pancreatic ducts, thereby leading to prolonged obstruction in the bile flow. The complication of gallbladder and/or bile duct problems that cause reverse flow of the bile juice is cirrhosis- the scarring of the liver. Cirrhosis can cause further complications in other organs.
2. Who is at high risk of gallbladder disease?
People who take high-calorie diet; are overweight or obese; are diabetics; aged above 60 years; assigned to be female; suffer from Crohn’s disease, sickle-cell disease, or liver cirrhosis; have a history of gallbladder disease; are fed intravenously for medical reasons; or taking cholesterol-lowering drugs are more likely to have gallbladder disease.
3. Are gallbladder diseases preventable?
Some gallbladder diseases can be avoided by managing or modifying their risk factors. Maintaining a healthy diet that includes more fibre-rich plant-based foods and a proper lifestyle including regular exercising can help optimise the health of the gallbladder.
To get more details and effective treatment for any type of gallbladder issues, book a visit with the Best Gallbladder Surgeon in Hyderabad at Sree Nandaka Advanced Surgery.
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